INTRODUCTION AUX DROITS DE L'HOMME
INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN RIGHTS LAW
FACO - PARIS 2004
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And thereupon the said Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons, pursuant to their respective letters and elections, being now assembled in a full and free representative of this nation, taking into their most serious consideration the best means for attaining the ends aforesaid, do in the first place (as their ancestors in like case have usually done) for the vindicating and asserting their ancient rights and liberties declare
That the pretended power of suspending the laws or the execution of laws by regal authority without consent of Parliament is illegal;
That the pretended power of dispensing with laws or the execution of laws by regal authority, as it hath been assumed and exercised of late, is illegal;
That the commission for erecting the late Court of Commissioners for Ecclesiastical Causes, and all other commissions and courts of like nature, are illegal and pernicious;
That levying money for or to the use of the Crown by pretence of prerogative, without grant of Parliament, for longer time, or in other manner than the same is or shall be granted, is illegal;
That it is the right of the subjects to petition the king, and all commitments and prosecutions for such petitioning are illegal;
That the raising or keeping a standing army within the kingdom in time of peace, unless it be with consent of Parliament, is against law;
That the subjects which are Protestants may have arms for their defence suitable to their conditions and as allowed by law;
That election of members of Parliament ought to be free;
That the freedom of speech and debates or proceedings in Parliament ought not to be impeached or questioned in any court or place out of Parliament;
That excessive bail ought not to be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted;
That jurors ought to be duly impanelled and returned, and jurors which pass upon men in trials for high treason ought to be freeholders;
That all grants and promises of fines and forfeitures of particular persons before conviction are illegal and void;
And that for redress of all grievances, and for the amending, strengthening and preserving of the laws, Parliaments ought to be held frequently.
And they do claim, demand and insist
upon all and singular the premises as their undoubted rights and liberties,
and that no declarations, judgments, doings or proceedings to the prejudice
of the people in any of the said premises ought in any wise to be drawn
hereafter into consequence or example; to which demand of their rights
they are particularly encouraged by the declaration of his Highness the
prince of Orange as being the only means for obtaining a full redress and
remedy therein. Having therefore an entire confidence that his said Highness
the prince of Orange will perfect the deliverance so far advanced by him,
and will still preserve them from the violation of their rights which they
have here asserted, and from all other attempts upon their religion, rights
and liberties, the said Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons assembled
at Westminster do resolve that
And that the oaths hereafter mentioned be taken by all persons of whom the oaths have allegiance and supremacy might be required by law, instead of them; and that the said oaths of allegiance and supremacy be abrogated.
I, A.B., do sincerely promise and swear
that I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to their Majesties King
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Cabinet d'avocats
adresse: 81 rue de la Faisanderie,
75116 Paris
tel: (331) 01.45.04.62.52 - fax: (331)
45.44.64.45